The price-to-earnings ratio (PE) is a popular measure of company values. It is a mathematical calculation that takes a company’s share price and divides this by the company’s earnings.
In simple terms, the PE ratio is a payback calculation that measures how many years it would take, in company earnings, to recoup the price paid for a particular share in that company. The lower the PE ratio the cheaper the share is in theory. The higher the PE ratio the more expensive the share is in theory.
An extended contraction in lending to Australian business deepened in September, adding to concerns about the health of the sector and arguing for the Reserve Bank to approach raising interest rates cautiously.
Business credit fell by a seasonally-adjusted 1.3% in September from August, the eighth consecutive monthly decline, and its biggest one-month fall since December 2008, according to data provided by the RBA Friday.
Inflation concerns have returned to the top of the Reserve Bank of Australia's priority list, with the central bank likely to revise up forecasts for inflation and economic growth in early November, which would boost expectations of further interest rate hikes.
In minutes of the central bank's Oct. 6 policy meeting the RBA said rising concerns about inflation triggered its decision to raise rates by one quarter of a percentage point to 3.25% this month.
Australian consumer confidence rose in October from September for the fifth consecutive month, shrugging off the Reserve Bank of Australia's interest rate rise of last week.
The Westpac-Melbourne Institute's index of consumer sentiment released rose 1.7% to 121.4 points in October from 119.3 points in September in seasonally adjusted terms.
Australian business confidence and conditions both fell in September from August, snapping a remarkable rebound on both fronts so far in 2009, according to a monthly survey by National Australia Bank.
Business confidence fell four points to +14 in September from August, while business conditions dropped one point to +3 points, the survey said.
The number of employed Australians surged in September, defying economists' expectations of a fall and firming up expectations of more central bank interest rate increases this year.
Crucially, the numbers released have prompted some analysts to suggest the unemployment rate may have already hit its cyclical peak at a time when the nation's industrialised peers are still facing substantial job losses.
Australian housing finance fell in August for the second consecutive month as waning government stimulus and expectations of higher interest rates crimped demand for mortgages.
Having enjoyed robust support from first-time homebuyer grants unleashed by the government to pump demand, economists expect home loan supply to correct further in coming months as the central bank embarks on a tightening cycle.
Sales of new motor vehicles rose a seasonally adjusted 4.9% in September versus August, according to industry figures.
The Federal Chamber of Automotive Industries said 78,131 vehicles were sold in September, or 3.5% less than September 2008 in original terms.
Year-to-date industry sales were 681,974 in September, down 13.1% or 102,958 vehicles from the same time a year earlier.
Australia's trade gap narrowed in August from July but was much wider than expected as the value of exports failed to improve due to falls in coal exports and a stronger Australian dollar.
Moves in the trade position are unlikely to affect the near-term outlook for monetary policy, but the numbers show any recovery in the global economy is yet to feed through to the nation's trading performance.
The Reserve Bank of Australia raised interest rates for the first time since March 2008, becoming the first central bank from the Group of 20 to begin withdrawing stimulus that has sustained the economy through the global financial crisis.
The RBA's cautious one-quarter-of-a-percentage point increase in the cash rate target to 3.25% reflects growing confidence in the global outlook and Australia's remarkable performance since Lehman Brothers' demise in September 2008 shook the world.